Glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
Identifiers
EC number 2.1.2.1
CAS number 9029-83-8
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology AmiGO / EGO

In enzymology, a glycine hydroxymethyltransferase (EC 2.1.2.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O \rightleftharpoons tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

The 3 substrates of this enzyme are 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, glycine, and H2O, whereas its two products are tetrahydrofolate and L-serine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases that transfer one-carbon groups, specifically the hydroxymethyl-, formyl- and related transferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase. Other names in common use include serine aldolase, threonine aldolase, serine hydroxymethylase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, allothreonine aldolase, L-serine hydroxymethyltransferase, L-threonine aldolase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, and serine transhydroxymethylase. This enzyme participates in 5 metabolic pathways: glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, lysine degradation, cyanoamino acid metabolism, one carbon pool by folate, and methane metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 18 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1BJ4, 1DFO, 1EJI, 1EQB, 1KKJ, 1KKP, 1KL1, 1KL2, 1LS3, 1RV3, 1RV4, 1RVU, 1RVY, 1YJS, 1YJY, 1YJZ, 2A7V, and 2DKJ.

References